Pada jenjang pendidikan tinggi (sarjana-master-doktor), seorang mahasiswa diajarkan untuk menjadi penemu. Lebih khusus lagi pada pascasarjana (S2) dan terutama S3; seseorang betul-betul dituntut untuk “menemukan sesuatu”, sebagai kontribusi dalam dunia akademik.
Selain di bangku formal, seseorang juga dapat menjadi penemu. Meskipun dalam arti paling sederhana, tapi seseorang dapat menemukan sesuatu yang mungkin tidak ada sebelumnya, ada memperbaiki atau mempermantap apa yang telah ditemukan sebelumnya.
Bagaimana menjadi penemu?
Pertama, percayalah pada kapasitasmu sendiri. Tuhan menghadirkan kita ke dunia dengan kemampuan yang melekat. Tugas kita adalah mengaktualisasikannya. Ibarat benih jagung: sebuah benih di tangan tidak akan berarti apa-apa, tapi jika ia ditanam di tanah yang subur, disirami air, kena sinar matahari, dijaga dari serangan hewan yang bisa merusak, maka benih itu sangat mungkin teraktualisasi menjadi jagung yang sempurna. Kesempurnaan benih tadi ada pada bentuk jagung yang sempurna itu.
Manusia awalnya dari benih. Benih itu tidak akan punya arti apa-apa jika hanya jadi benih. Maka ia perlu tempat yang aman, nutrisi yang sehat, dan dijaga dalam tempat tersebut. Ketika telah menjadi bayi, seorang anak manusia harus belajar (tengkurap, berdiri, berjalan, berlari), kemudian memahami “dunia sekitar” (ayah, ibu, kakak, adik, keluarga besar dan tetangganya). Setelah itu, belajar lagi ia soal ilmu pengetahuan dasar (bahasa, matematika, dst). Norma agama disosialisasikan agar kelak lebih mudah dijalankan ketika dewasa.
Saat dewasa, anak manusia yang awalnya benih itu terus belajar lagi, dan menjadilah dia sosok manusia yang mendekati sempurna. Kesempurnaan fisik terbentuk pada usia dewasa awal (usia ketika ia telah layak menikah). Kesempurnaan jiwa itu berproses. Konon, kesempurnaan jiwa itu mulai tampak saat orang di usia 40 tahun; itulah kenapa sebagian orang percaya: life begins at 40.
Ketika fisik-jiwa telah sempurna, seseorang mendapatkan “peluang hidup” untuk melahirkan masterpiece yang berintensi pada kesempurnaan manusia. Artinya, karyanya berguna tidak hanya buat fisik–yang sangat dana, sementara, temporer, profan–tapi juga pada wilayah jiwa–yang lebih abadi, jangka panjang, sakral, dan beyond realitas empirik. Karya sempurna itu terlihat dari sifatnya yang bermakna, inspiratif, jangka panjang, dan menyempurnakan jiwa manusia.
Kedua, karya besar mencoba menjawab problem yang dihadapi manusia dalam ranah tertentu. Tiap hari kita tidak kehabisan problem; teramat banyak problem ilmu pengetahuan, sosial-budaya, sampai pada problem pribadi. Khusus problem pribadi, itu juga sebenarnya tidak betul-betul pribadi, karena bisa jadi dirasakan juga oleh satu, dua, tiga, ratusan, bahkan ribuan orang yang sama. Problem kejiwaan itu melahirkan banyak sub-kajian menarik dalam bidang ilmu jiwa–dan itu tidak cukup hanya satu disiplin, butuh ditelaah dari berbagai sudut keilmuan.
Tiap makhluk manusia sebenarnya dibekali dengan kemampuan problem solving. Saat hujan kita berteduh, itu problem solving. Hal-hal sederhana seperti itu bisa dimiliki manusia, terutama yang sudah rasyid, dewasa, “dapat membedakan baik dan buruk.” Kemampuan itu tentu saja perlu ditingkatkan dengan melakukan exercise pada hal-hal kompleks lainnya seperti soal kemasyarakatan, kebangsaan, bahkan kemanusiaan. Sampai sekarang, kendati ribuan sarjana, master, doktor, dan profesor telah dikukuhkan, tapi problem “kesejagatan” itu belum juga tuntas (sebab, tiap penemu belum tentu melahirkan temuan yang berlaku universal).
Ketiga, bangunlah contoh praktis dari temuan tersebut. Contoh sederhana, seorang arsitek melahirkan karya arsitektur. Jadi, ilmunya tidak hanya teoritis, tapi juga praktis. Ingin ke Mars, pakai pesawat apa? Maka, ilmuwan melahirkan pesawat khusus agar bisa eksplorasi kemungkinan buat kehidupan “koloni” di sana. Beberapa film layar lebar diproduksi sebagai latihan dan evaluasi yang merangsang pikiran manusia untuk berkontribusi pada ranah tersebut.
Sebagian penemu juga mengistilahkannya dengan model. Ada model bagi penanggulangan bencana. Saat terjadi bencana apa yang harus dilakukan, itu ada simulasinya. Untuk bencana alam, ada teknologi yang memberikan tanda-tanda kepada manusia. Namun, untuk potensi “bencana sosial”, apa model teknologi untuk itu? Sebagian masyarakat relatif kuat dalam mengantisipasi bencana kemasyarakatan tersebut menggunakan local wisdom yang menjadi best-practice mereka. Akan tetapi, tidak semua best-practice dapat digeneralisasi untuk semua masyarakat. Maka, perlu dibuat model (atau beberapa model) sesuai dengan karakter masyarakat tersebut.
Menjadi penemu rasanya bisa diperluas tidak hanya pada akademik tapi non-akademik. Orang terpelajar belajar dari teks, guru/dosen, pengalaman, tapi ada definisi “orang terpelajar” tersebut dapat kita perluas menjadi pembelajar dari arti seluas-luasnya. Selama ia mau belajar dari alam terkembang, masyarakat yang beragam, dan dari dirinya sendiri sebagai mikro kosmos, dia punya potensi untuk melahirkan temuan relatif baru yang berguna bagi masyarakat.
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